自然资源一体化政务服务系统及数据融合建设——以南京为例     

陈波  崔蓓  丁鑫 《测绘通报》2020,(12):75-78

自然资源部制定的信息化建设总体方案中，要求构建“互联网+自然资源政务服务”应用体系，实现“服务事项标准统一、整体联动、业务协同，自然资源政务服务和共享开放能力全面提高”。一体化政务服务系统作为政务服务应用体系的重点建设内容，也是落实自然资源管理“两统一”职责的重要支撑，如何整合各类数据资源、发挥系统作用，成为亟待研究的问题。本文在分析自然资源业务管理需求后，提出了一体化政务服务系统及数据融合的建设思路。  相似文献   

THE EVOLUTION OF SERVICE ECONOMIES: A GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE1     

Aharon Kellerman 《The Professional geographer》1985,37(2):133-143

Of the several classifications of services, each emphasizes different characteristics. The International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) is used for a comparative study on the transformation into service economies of the U.S., Canada, Great Britain, France, West Germany, Italy and Japan. Service economies are defined as national economies in which employment in services surpassed that in manufacturing. The pace of the evolution of service economies has been rapid with North America leading, followed in order by Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan and West Germany. Service economies have important implications for urban growth, intercity competition, and international trade.  相似文献   

Participation in payments for ecosystem services: Case studies from the Lacandon rainforest, Mexico   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Nicolas Kosoy  Esteve Corbera  Kate Brown 《Geoforum》2008,39(6):2073-2083

Understanding people’s willingness to participate in projects and programmes of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has not been a key analytical concern of the scholarly literature around this new field of environmental policy and practice. This paper analyses participation in four communities benefiting from payments for biodiversity and carbon fixation in Mexico, and contrasts the results for each case with neighbouring communities that do not receive payments. We take a holistic approach that accounts for procedural rules, actors’ interactions, institutions and values, and individuals’ characteristics. We show that the nature of PES rules and the effectiveness of communication with government officers and NGOs influence resource managers’ ability and willingness to participate. We highlight community size, resource managers’ ability to diversify livelihood activities and local perspectives on the conservation of common forests, particularly sacred values and intergenerational concerns on forest conservation, as critical participation drivers. This analysis provides insights on why and how these new institutions may be attractive for some resource managers and permits to draw some recommendations for the future design of PES projects and programmes.  相似文献   

Water and power in Santiago de Chile: Socio-spatial segregation through network integration     

Géraldine Pflieger  Sarah Matthieussent 《Geoforum》2008,39(6):1907-1921

The analysis of the history of the management and distribution of electricity, water and sanitation networks in Santiago de Chile throws light on a problem which is central to thinking on the relationship between urban services management and territorial splintering: what is the impact of urban policy, in particular housing policy and urban planning, on access to services and on the potential levels of social segregation and institutional splintering of metropolises?The Chilean example is eminently anchored in its political and institutional history. We shall see, for example, that the authoritarian urban policy of the military government, associated with early liberal reform, enabled the improvement of access to networks in every municipality of the Greater Santiago area. However, this success, leading to the integration by urban services of a large territory, does not signify that networks remained neutral as regards the process of spatial segregation. Inversely, we can defend the theory that the presence of an integrated service was a necessary condition and a reinforcing factor of the process of urban spread and residential segregation. This paradoxical argument is a result of the ambivalent liberal network and urban policies of the military government. Urban expansion was largely sustained by the development of integrated infrastructures and universal services. The processes of liberalising land and urban services were mutually sustaining and provided the necessary conditions for the birth of an extremely intense movement of urban sprawl and segregation between 1985 and 2000.  相似文献   

Protracted Environmental Issues on a Proposed Titanium Minerals Development in Kenya's South Coast     

J. O. Z. Abuodha  P. O. Hayombe 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2006,24(2):63-75

This study takes cognizance of the fact that the TIOMIN (TIOMIN Resources Inc. of Canada) project has resulted in controversy over its handling of environmental issues and especially the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The authors address many of the protracted issues that have slowed the development of the mining project in Kwale. The main emphasis is on the impacts of the mining and mineral separation processes on the environment, including the governing legislation, the role of consultation and public participation, and socioeconomic issues. In their public documents TIOMIN has specified neither the type of minerals it wants to extract from the area nor their chemical composition. It is well known, however that the titanium minerals and zircon targeted have impurities of iron, thorium and uranium. In the absence of an Environmental Management Plan, the effects of stockpiling radioactive wastes and other impurities that could possibly lead to environmental degradation in both the terrestrial and marine environments have not been publically addressed. The measures proposed to mitigate ecological damage as a result of the establishment of a minerals processing plant in the area seem inadequate. Pollution resulting from accidental spillage or breakage could have significant impact on marine life and residents living near the mining site. Other issues that have not been addressed satisfactorily pertain to the use of surface and underground water. The area already faces a huge water deficit and the calculations presented on aquifer recharge and stream flow rates do not indicate the large quantities of water that would be required in the mineral processing plant. The project, if approved in its present state, risks violation of international conventions. Furthermore, it could cause a conflict between Kenya and Tanzania in the event of an oil spill at the proposed ship loading facility at Shimoni. The proposed mining area includes the district's most fertile land, is home to many fisherfolk and is a major tourist destination. An analysis of the effects of this project on other available opportunities must be thoroughly understood to ascertain the economic and environmental benefits and costs of the mining venture. The proposed compensation rate of $1,000 per acre, for resettlement for example, appears to be grossly inadequate. Compensation should take into account family size and structure family assets and the cost of relocation.  相似文献   

地理信息服务的思索与探讨     

唐冬梅  叶修松 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(4)

GIS正在从传统意义上的地理信息系统向地理信息服务偏移,地理信息服务已成为信息服务业中重要组成部分之一.文中归纳总结了地理信息服务概念、技术体系、服务模式以及我国地理信息服务发展的差距、对策与建议.  相似文献   

城市空间信息基础设施建设结构模型研究     

刘晶东  陈刚 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(4)

首先对WebGIS的发展状况进行了分析,然后介绍了Web Services的工作原理,给出了面向Geo-Services的城市空间信息基础设施建设的结构模型,并依据该模型对北京市基础地理信息数据库集成项目进行了典型研究.  相似文献   

A multidisciplinary multi-scale framework for assessing vulnerabilities to global change   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Marc J. Metzger  Rik Leemans  Dagmar Schrter 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):253-267

Terrestrial ecosystems provide a number of vital services for people and society, such as food, fibre, water resources, carbon sequestration, and recreation. The future capability of ecosystems to provide these services is determined by changes in socio-economic factors, land use, atmospheric composition, and climate. Most impact assessments do not quantify the vulnerability of ecosystems and ecosystem services under such environmental change. They cannot answer important policy-relevant questions such as 'Which are the main regions or sectors that are most vulnerable to global change?’ 'How do the vulnerabilities of two regions compare?’ 'Which scenario is the least harmful for a sector?’This paper describes a new approach to vulnerability assessment developed by the Advanced Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis and Modelling (ATEAM) project. Different ecosystem models, covering biodiversity, agriculture, forestry, hydrology, and carbon sequestration are fed with the same Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Each model gives insights into specific ecosystems, as in traditional impact assessments. Moreover, by integrating the results in a vulnerability assessment, the policy-relevant questions listed above can also be addressed. A statistically derived European environmental stratification forms a key element in the vulnerability assessment. By linking it to other quantitative environmental stratifications, comparisons can be made using data from different assessments and spatial scales.  相似文献   

Beyond world cities: Central America in a global space of flows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ed Brown  Peter J. Taylor  & Gilda Catalano 《Area》2002,34(2):139-148

Central America is a region without a world city. Traditionally, the region's national projects have been based upon openness to the world economy: how do the region's contemporary transnational projects connect to the world economy under the new conditions of openness that is contemporary globalization? Focusing upon advanced producer services, three connections into the world city network are identified: global service firms operating directly in Central American cities, local service firms operating indirectly through extra-regional world cities and global service firms operating through Latin American regional offices. Miami is confirmed as the primary world city through which Central America connects into the world economy  相似文献   

基于网格的空间信息模型与服务技术研究   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

何小朝  李琦  承继成 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(4):60-63

空间信息基础设施是实现数字城市的核心与基础，现有的万维网已经不能满足空间信息访问与处理的需要。该文对以空间信息为核心和基础的数据网格——空间信息网格的基础理论及网格中的空间信息模型与服务技术：进行研究。提出了空间信息网格的若干关键技术及网格中的空间信息模型的特点与要求，并对空间信息网格服务进行了初步的探讨。  相似文献